Jump to content

Menu

What is the subject of this sentence?


What is the simple subject of the sentence?  

  1. 1. What is the simple subject of the sentence?

    • 12%
      168
    • twelve
      2
    • percent
      90
    • surface
      111
    • Earth
      56
    • other
      9
    • Nutella
      4


Recommended Posts

  • Replies 122
  • Created
  • Last Reply

Top Posters In This Topic

About in this sentence is not a preposition; it is being used to mean "approximately."

 

:iagree: Percent is the subject and not an object of the preposition. Just because other nouns in the sentence would make better sense as the subject, doesn't mean that they can stop being OPs and become the subject. It's just a poorly worded sentence.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I voted Percent. About and twelve are adjectives modifying percent. Surface and Earth are parts of prepositional phrases. That is what I analysed.

 

:iagree:

About modifies 12

12 modifies percent

of the surface is a prep phrase modifying percent

of the Earth is a prep pharse modifying surface

Edited by zaichiki
Link to comment
Share on other sites

I would say Earth

 

12 % of what is covered? The Earth

 

Earth is subject.

12% is covered in ice and water is the predicate.

 

My 2 cents :)

 

I can't believe I read this whole thread before this answer was posted.

 

What's going on? Earth Is Covered. Everything else is filler.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I can't believe I read this whole thread before this answer was posted.

 

What's going on? Earth Is Covered. Everything else is filler.

 

No. Any grammar book will tell you that the subject will NEVER be part of a prepositional phrase except for the rare exception such as referring to time or space.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I voted Percent. About and twelve are adjectives modifying percent. Surface and Earth are parts of prepositional phrases. That is what I analysed.

 

Yep...that was my choice. Close second was 12%. Because that is actually one number...or fraction of a number...12/100....which makes it one thing...therefore twelve is not a modifier like 12 mittens....phew! (said in one long breath)

 

Faithe

Link to comment
Share on other sites

No. Any grammar book will tell you that the subject will NEVER be part of a prepositional phrase except for the rare exception such as referring to time or space.

 

Every movement in the sentence is a prepositional phrase:

 

about 12%

of the surface

of the earth

is covered

in water and ice

 

What is the only verb in the whole sentence? "Is", or rather, "is covered". What "is covered?" The "Earth".

 

Final answer. :D

 

Sharon? What gives? What's the answer?

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Every movement in the sentence is a prepositional phrase:

 

about 12%

of the surface

of the earth

is covered

in water and ice

 

What is the only verb in the whole sentence? "Is", or rather, "is covered". What "is covered?" The "Earth".

 

Final answer. :D

 

Sharon? What gives? What's the answer?

 

About is not a preposition in this sentence. It is an adjective that modifies 12%. Simple subject + simple predicate = 12% is covered.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Every movement in the sentence is a prepositional phrase:

 

about 12%

of the surface

of the earth

is covered

in water and ice

 

What is the only verb in the whole sentence? "Is", or rather, "is covered". What "is covered?" The "Earth".

 

Final answer. :D

 

Sharon? What gives? What's the answer?

 

About is not acting as a preposition in that instance. Some words are only prepositions some of the time. Preposition: "the children were dancing about the meadow." When about means "approximately" it is not a preposition, but an adverb. I know, it seems like it should be an adjective, but adverbs modify numbers of degree, that's why it would be approximately.

Edited by Mrs Mungo
Link to comment
Share on other sites

About is not a preposition in this sentence. It is an adjective that modifies 12%. Simple subject + simple predicate = 12% is covered.

 

But isn't that like using "about" like "approximately"?

 

"Approximately five yellow chickens died today."

 

At first, I really thought it was "percent". But then, upon further examination, I really feel like it is "earth".

Link to comment
Share on other sites

But isn't that like using "about" like "approximately"?

 

"Approximately five yellow chickens died today."

 

At first, I really thought it was "percent". But then, upon further examination, I really feel like it is "earth".

 

But, in this sentence, Earth is the object of a preposition. It cannot be the subject of the sentence.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

But isn't that like using "about" like "approximately"?

 

"Approximately five yellow chickens died today."

 

At first, I really thought it was "percent". But then, upon further examination, I really feel like it is "earth".

 

That isn't the same type of sentence.

 

"Approximately three-tenths of forumites are only here for the kilts."

 

The subject is three-tenths. Forumites is part of a prepositional phrase and therefore not the subject.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

About 12% of the surface of the Earth is covered in water and ice.

 

Options above (if I can get the poll thingie to work). Dh gave his authoritative* vote, but I'm interested to see the grammatical intuitions of others on this.

 

 

 

ETA: In answer to the fair question, "complete subject or simple subject?" I mean the simple subject; or, since that phrase causes dh to wince, "the head of the noun phrase forming the subject." You're welcome, linguists.

 

 

*He essentially has a Ph.D. in grammar, so I defer to him in these things as a straightforward Argument From Authority.

Prepositional phrases: of the surface, of the earth, in water and ice

 

That leaves "About 12% is covered."

 

"Is covered" is the verb.

 

That leaves "About 12%."

 

So.....my vote is...ummmm....12%. Is that the simple subject? I dunno. Not sure of "about."

 

:tongue_smilie:

Link to comment
Share on other sites

About 12% of the surface of the Earth is covered in water and ice.

 

I chose "surface", but I think maybe it's "12%". I don't think it can be "percent" - 12% is a compound word, surely?

 

I always tell dd to break the sentence down to its simplest form - I was thinking "The surface is covered", but perhaps "12% is covered" is the correct way to look at it.. The rest is just the what/when/why/where/how of that sentence.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

No. Any grammar book will tell you that the subject will NEVER be part of a prepositional phrase except for the rare exception such as referring to time or space.

 

Not to mention that that would change the *meaning* of the sentence. The sentence doesn't say that the (whole) earth is covered. It says that a portion of it is. So the subject has to be something that represents that portion: 12%.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

According to Those Who Know, this is the right approach. (Though They like to say things such as "genitive phrase complement" and the like.) Mrs. Mungo addresses one source of confusion in the sentence, by observing that percent (or %) is a number-transparent noun, with the singular surface requiring a singular verb. Twelve (or 12) is functioning as a d********r.

 

Thus, percent (or %) is the big winner. Not that I expect The Hive to cave by Argument From Authority to Those Who Know.

 

Good morning, Sharon :)

 

What the heck is the answer??

See above.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

12%.

 

"About" is an adjective modifying the subject, and "of the surface" and "of the earth" are prepositional phrases.

 

On the 12% vs just percent: Imagine if instead the 12% was converted to a decimal or a fraction ("About 12/100 of the surface of the earth") and the rationale for keeping the 12 becomes clearer.

:iagree:Yes, my thoughts exactly.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I strongly disagree with The One Who Knows. The subject cannot be percent because it is meaningless on its own. As someone above mentioned, percent is actually an abbreviation for the term "out of 100." Percent is an implied prepositional phrase. If mathematical terms weren't considered 1 unit, then 12 would be the subject but not percent.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I strongly disagree with The One Who Knows. The subject cannot be percent because it is meaningless on its own. As someone above mentioned, percent is actually an abbreviation for the term "out of 100." Percent is an implied prepositional phrase. If mathematical terms weren't considered 1 unit, then 12 would be the subject but not percent.

 

But by the same analogy, 12 is also meaningless on its own. 12 what? 12 is covered? As mentioned earlier, if 12 were the subject the verb should be plural in the sentence i.e. "12 are covered".

 

I'm sticking to "percent" being the simple subject, however, I believe as Mrs. Mungo has shown that mathematical terms should be taken together because alone they are meaningless.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I strongly disagree with The One Who Knows. The subject cannot be percent because it is meaningless on its own. As someone above mentioned, percent is actually an abbreviation for the term "out of 100." Percent is an implied prepositional phrase. If mathematical terms weren't considered 1 unit, then 12 would be the subject but not percent.

 

Wouldn't the meaning of "percent" include the implied "parts out of 100." So the (implied) "parts" in the whole construction of 12% is what makes this the subject?

 

Bill (who is skating on thin ice :D)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Sources:

http://www.grammarbook.com/grammar/subjectVerbAgree.asp

Rule 9

 

With words that indicate portions—percent, fraction, part, majority, some, all, none, remainder, and so forth —look at the noun in your of phrase (object of the preposition) to determine whether to use a singular or plural verb. If the object of the preposition is singular, use a singular verb. If the object of the preposition is plural, use a plural verb.

Examples:

Fifty percent of the pie has disappeared.

Pie is the object of the preposition of.

Fifty percent of the pies have disappeared.

Pies is the object of the preposition.

One-third of the city is unemployed.

One-third of the people are unemployed.

 

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/grammarlogs3/grammarlogs427.htm

 

http://www.mathematics-in-europe.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=102&Itemid=28&lang=en

 

Treat mathematical expressions as a single unit: To avoid confusion, treat an entire mathematical expression as a single grammatical unit. Thus if the subject of a sentence is a word, then the main verb should be a word as well. It should not be a symbol and should above all not be part of a mathematical expression.

 

If it is the case that the subject-verb agreement should be based on using the object of a preposition rather than the subject, then we have just wasted the last six months of grammar education (which has taught the opposite).

 

Maybe "Prescriptivist" grammar has a huge gash in it's hull and it's time to head to the life-boats of "Descriptivism."

 

Captain Coward :tongue_smilie:

Link to comment
Share on other sites

What did the book say, btw?

 

Actually, the book was using the sentence in an exercise in detecting common nouns (which led us to a dispute about "the Earth" versus "Earth" versus "the earth" but let's not go there). So there wouldn't have been an answer about the subject in the Teacher's Guide, even if I hadn't been so cheap and had bought it. Which I didn't.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

If it is the case that the subject-verb agreement should be based on using the object of a preposition rather than the subject, then we have just wasted the last six months of grammar education (which has taught the opposite).

 

Subject/verb agreement based on the object of the preposition is for very special cases. It isn't something you use all the time.

 

With words that indicate portions—percent, fraction, part, majority, some, all, none, remainder, and so forth —look at the noun in your of phrase (object of the preposition) to determine whether to use a singular or plural verb. If the object of the preposition is singular, use a singular verb. If the object of the preposition is plural, use a plural verb.

 

Example:

Approximately 12% of women on the forum *are* only here for the kilts. You wouldn't say, "is only here for the kilts," even though 12% is the subject. Nobody would say that, not even the purest of the pure grammarians.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Actually, the book was using the sentence in an exercise in detecting common nouns (which led us to a dispute about "the Earth" versus "Earth" versus "the earth" but let's not go there). So there wouldn't have been an answer about the subject in the Teacher's Guide, even if I hadn't been so cheap and had bought it. Which I didn't.

 

Ah, I see. :001_smile:

Link to comment
Share on other sites

If it is the case that the subject-verb agreement should be based on using the object of a preposition rather than the subject, then we have just wasted the last six months of grammar education (which has taught the opposite).

 

Maybe "Prescriptivist" grammar has a huge gash in it's hull and it's time to head to the life-boats of "Descriptivism."

 

Captain Coward :tongue_smilie:

 

You do have to look to the of complement for many number-transparent nouns. Another example is majority, which takes an optional singular verb on its own

 

The majority is Irish.

 

but an obligatory plural verb with an of complement

 

The majority of voters are Irish.

 

Come over to the descriptivist side, Bill. We're waiting for you. :D

Edited by Sharon in Austin
Link to comment
Share on other sites

You do have to look to the of complement for many number-transparent nouns. Another example is majority, which takes an optional singular verb on its own

 

The majority is Irish.

 

but an obligatory plural verb with an of complement

 

The majority of voters are Irish.

 

Come over to the prescriptivist side, Bill. We're waiting for you. :D

 

He seems to be implying that he's a prescriptivist and we're being descriptivists. But, the truth is, English is a complex language with lots of conflicting rules. It's not math! If he can't handle that fact, then maybe he should leave teaching grammar to the experts. ;) :D

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Subject/verb agreement based on the object of the preposition is for very special cases. It isn't something you use all the time.

 

So the rule is: The subject-verb is always based on the relationship of the subject and the verb, and not on the agreement of the verb with the object of the preposition (which would be wrong), except sometimes when the rule is thrown out the window? Explain this to me like I'm a 7 year old.

 

Maybe I need to dig out some Noam Chomsky? :D

 

Bill

Link to comment
Share on other sites

You do have to look to the of complement for many number-transparent nouns. Another example is majority, which takes an optional singular verb on its own

 

The majority is Irish.

 

but an obligatory plural verb with an of complement

 

The majority of voters are Irish.

 

Come over to the prescriptivist side, Bill. We're waiting for you. :D

 

Wait. I thought you were on the Descriptivist side :confused:

 

I may have tripped into the wrong lifeboat.

 

Bill

Link to comment
Share on other sites

So the rule is: The subject-verb is always based on the relationship of the subject and the verb, and not on the agreement of the verb with the object of the preposition (which would be wrong), except sometimes when the rule is thrown out the window? Explain this to me like I'm a 7 year old.

 

Maybe I need to dig out some Noam Chomsky? :D

 

Bill

 

Sounds like you've got it!

 

Maybe you should sit down with On the Road instead. You might REALLY rethink your grammar strategy after that. :lol:

Link to comment
Share on other sites

He seems to be implying that he's a prescriptivist and we're being descriptivists. But, the truth is, English is a complex language with lots of conflicting rules. It's not math! If he can't handle that fact, then maybe he should leave teaching grammar to the experts. ;) :D

 

When are you available? :D

 

Bill

Link to comment
Share on other sites

About 12% of the surface of the Earth is covered in water and ice.

 

Could you trade out some words to make it more obvious?

 

About red apples of the surface of the Earth is covered in water and ice?

 

I'm curious... isn't the "about red apples" a prepositional phrase?

 

"is covered" are the only words NOT in prep phrases, right?

 

So, the "understood you" would be in play, and where "you" doesn't fit... is there an exception and so "it" becomes the "understood 'you'?"

 

Just a guess, perhaps a horrible one. :) I have to brush up on this, I suppose :)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

12% OR (percent)

 

I would let a student use either one.

 

By looking at the predicate you know that surface isn't the subject, because the whole surface isn't covered. You can ask yourself "What 'is covered?'" 12%

 

About is not a preposition in this sentence. It is one of those words that can serve multiple purposes. We discussed that in our thread on whether or not to have dc memorize the prepositions; personally, I have dc memorize them but also warn them that many have other uses.

 

You're so smart :)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You can post now and register later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

 Share


×
×
  • Create New...