My 16 yr. old son also developed 24/7 headache pulsing in his temples 16 months ago. We've been through every possible doctor evaluation, 2 MRIs, even alternative medicine with no results. The only therapy that helped some was acupuncture so we had this treatment 3 times a week for 6 months. We were able to cut the pain level in half and we stopped acupuncture because the impact leveled off. We've also looked at several possible causes of past health challenges: 1. Head Injury: He had a head blow when he was 3. He fell off a retaining wall and hit his left cheek on a second retaining wall on the fall down. At the time his doctor did not see any follow-up needed. Recently a chiropractor imaged his upper vertebrae and discovered misalignment left/right and up/down. We had the Atlas adjustments, but this did not impact his headache pain. 2. Orthodonic: His bite was off and his palete was not symmetrical, so he was recommended for an expander to push out the left side and then braces. When I was cranking the expander, my son said he felt a shift in his cranial bones. 2. Toxicity: I had a body scan done by a natuorpath a few months ago. She found his history of food poisioning, and viruses such as Epstein Barr, Toxoplasma Ghondi, and Nori. She said he was full of toxicity. 3. Allergies: Dairy, our dog, and environmental factors. My son gets sick often with coughing, especially in the fall and spring. 4. School: The headaches seem to accelerate at school. He says within 30 minutes of being on campus the pain increases and continues through the day. My son said he could not go to school if we could not find relief so this is when solving this became my full-time job. The trail led to acupuncture which helped him tolerate school. I found this discussion helpful so I'll follow-up on some of these leads. One of my son's friends also had these headaches, but in her frontal lobe and she can't exercise or be around loud music. Her doctors found her neck muscles were not even. A neck brace gave her headache-free days, so they are working on this trail now with physical therapy.